Project 1.8.2: Ultrasonic Distance Monitor

Description	This project shows how to use the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to measure distance to the nearest obstacle and display the result in centimeters on the Serial Monitor.
Use case	This project can be used in distance measurement applications, obstacle detection systems, and parking assistance tools.

Components (Things You will need)

Building the circuit

Things Needed:

• Arduino Uno = 1
• Arduino USB cable = 1
• Ultrasonic sensor = 1
• Jumper wires

Mounting the component on the breadboard

Step 1: Mount the ultrasonic sensor on the breadboard.

NB: Make sure you identify the correct pin connections for the component.

WIRING THE CIRCUIT

Step 2: Connect the red jumper wire from the VCC pin on the sensor to the 5V pin on your Arduino Uno.

Step 3: Connect the blue jumper wire from the Trig pin on the sensor to Digital Pin 9 on your Arduino Uno.

Step 4: Connect the orange jumper wire from the Echo pin on the sensor to Digital Pin 10 on your Arduino Uno.

Step 5: Connect the green jumper wire from the GND pin on the sensor to any of the GND pins on your Arduino Uno.

Make sure to connect the Arduino USB cable to the Arduino board.

PROGRAMMING

Step 1: Open your Arduino IDE. See how to set up here: Getting Started.

Step 2: Type int trigPin = 9; , int echoPin = 10;, long duration; , int distance; as shown in the image below.

Step 3: Type pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); , pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); inside the void setup(){} as shown in the image below.

Step 4: Type digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); delayMicroseconds(2); digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);delayMicroseconds(10); digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); inside the void loop(){} as shown in the image below.

Step 5: Type duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);, distance = duration * 0.034 / 2; as shown in the image below.

Step 6: Type Serial.print("Distance: "); , Serial.println(distance); as shown in the image below.

Uploading your code

Step 1: Save your code. See the Getting Started section

Step 2: Select the Arduino board and port. See the Getting Started section

Step 3: Upload your code.

Step 4: Open the Serial Monitor (Tools > Serial Monitor) to view the output.

CONCLUSION

This project helps learners understand how to interface with Ultrasonic Sensor using Arduino. It introduces essential concepts in electronic circuits and embedded system programming.