Project 2.7.3: Proximity Alarm Radar

Description	This project uses an ultrasonic sensor to measure distance and makes a buzzer beep at a rate that increases as an object approaches, mimicking vehicle parking radar.
Use case	This project can be used in automation systems, interactive installations, and embedded control applications.

Components (Things You will need)

Building the circuit

Things Needed:

• Arduino Uno = 1
• Arduino USB cable = 1
• Ultrasonic sensor = 1
• Buzzer = 1
• Jumper wires

Mounting the component on the breadboard

Step 1: Place the Ultrasonic sensor and the Buzzer on the breadboard.

NB: Make sure all components are securely placed on the breadboard with correct orientation.

WIRING THE CIRCUIT

Step 2: Connect the VCC pin of the sensor to the 5V pin on the Arduino using a male-to-male jumper wire.

Step 3: Connect the GND pin of the sensor to the GND pin on the Arduino using a male-to-male jumper wire.

Step 4: Connect the TRIG pin of the ultrasonic sensor to Digital Pin 9 on the Arduino using a male-to-male jumper wire.

Step 5: Connect the ECHO pin of the ultrasonic sensor to Digital Pin 10 on the Arduino using a male-to-male jumper wire.

Step 6: Connect the positive pin (long pin) of the buzzer to Digital Pin 8 on the Arduino using a male-to-male jumper wire.

Step 7: Connect the GND pin of the buzzer to GND pin on the Arduino using a male-to-male jumper wire.

Make sure to connect the Arduino USB cable to the Arduino board.

PROGRAMMING

Step 1: Open your Arduino IDE. See how to set up here: Getting Started.

Step 2: Type the following code in your Arduino IDE: const int trigPin = 9;, const int echoPin = 10;, const int buzzer = 8, long duration;, float distance; as shown in the image below.

Step 3: Type the following code in your Arduino IDE inside the void setup() pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);, pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);, pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);, Serial.begin(9600); as shown in the image below.

Step 4: Type the following code in your Arduino IDE inside the void loop() digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);, delay(2000);, digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);, delay(1000);, digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);, duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);, distance = duration * 0.0343 / 2;, Serial.print("Distance: ");, Serial.print(distance);, Serial.println(" cm"); as shown in the image below.

Step 5: Type the following code in your Arduino IDE inside the void loop() if (distance > 50) {, noTone(buzzerPin); }, else if (distance > 30) {, tone(buzzerPin, 1000);, delay(500);, noTone(buzzerPin);, delay(500); } as shown in the image below.

Step 6: Type the following code in your Arduino IDE inside the void loop() else if (distance > 20) {, tone(buzzerPin, 1000);, delay(300);, noTone(buzzerPin);, delay(300); }, else if (distance > 10) {, tone(buzzerPin, 1000);, delay(150);, noTone(buzzerPin);, delay(150); } as shown in the image below.

Step 7: Type the following code in your Arduino IDE inside the void loop() else { , tone(buzzerPin, 1000); } as shown in the image below.

Uploading the code

Step 1: Save your code. See the Getting Started section

Step 2: Select the Arduino board and port. See the Getting Started section

Step 3: Upload your code.

CONCLUSION

This project helps learners understand how to combine multiple components with Arduino to create more complex interactive systems and automation solutions.